[1]	NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA]. STRAIN=cv. Columbia; DOI=10.1093/dnares/6.3.183; PubMed=10470850 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan] Kaneko T., Katoh T., Sato S., Nakamura Y., Asamizu E., Kotani H., Miyajima N., Tabata S.; "Structural analysis of Arabidopsis thaliana chromosome 5. IX. Sequence features of the regions of 1,011,550 bp covered by seventeen P1 and TAC clones."; DNA Res. 6:183-195(1999).
[2]	NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA]. STRAIN=cv. Columbia; DOI=10.1126/science.1088305; PubMed=14593172 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan] Yamada K., Lim J., Dale J.M., Chen H., Shinn P., Palm C.J., Southwick A.M., Wu H.C., Kim C.J., Nguyen M., Pham P.K., Cheuk R.F., Karlin-Newmann G., Liu S.X., Lam B., Sakano H., Wu T., Yu G., Miranda M., Quach H.L., Tripp M., Chang C.H., Lee J.M., Toriumi M.J., Chan M.M., Tang C.C., Onodera C.S., Deng J.M., Akiyama K., Ansari Y., Arakawa T., Banh J., Banno F., Bowser L., Brooks S.Y., Carninci P., Chao Q., Choy N., Enju A., Goldsmith A.D., Gurjal M., Hansen N.F., Hayashizaki Y., Johnson-Hopson C., Hsuan V.W., Iida K., Karnes M., Khan S., Koesema E., Ishida J., Jiang P.X., Jones T., Kawai J., Kamiya A., Meyers C., Nakajima M., Narusaka M., Seki M., Sakurai T., Satou M., Tamse R., Vaysberg M., Wallender E.K., Wong C., Yamamura Y., Yuan S., Shinozaki K., Davis R.W., Theologis A., Ecker J.R.; "Empirical analysis of transcriptional activity in the Arabidopsis genome."; Science 302:842-846(2003).
[3]	FUNCTION. Koornneef M.; "Mutations affecting the testa colour in Arabidopsis."; Arabidopsis Inf. Serv. 27:1-4(1990).
[4]	FUNCTION. DOI=10.1104/pp.122.2.403; PubMed=10677433 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan] Debeaujon I., Leon-Kloosterziel K.M., Koornneef M.; "Influence of the testa on seed dormancy, germination, and longevity in Arabidopsis."; Plant Physiol. 122:403-413(2000).
[5]	ERRATUM. Debeaujon I., Leon-Kloosterziel K.M., Koornneef M.; Plant Physiol. 125:1139-1141(2001).
[6]	TISSUE SPECIFICITY, AND DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE. DOI=10.1007/s00425-004-1472-6; PubMed=15940465 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan] McCaig B.C., Meagher R.B., Dean J.F.D.; "Gene structure and molecular analysis of the laccase-like multicopper oxidase (LMCO) gene family in Arabidopsis thaliana."; Planta 221:619-636(2005).
[7]	FUNCTION, DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE, TISSUE SPECIFICITY, AND MUTAGENESIS OF ASP-152 AND GLY-509. DOI=10.1105/tpc.105.035154; PubMed=16243908 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan] Pourcel L., Routaboul J.-M., Kerhoas L., Caboche M., Lepiniec L., Debeaujon I.; "TRANSPARENT TESTA10 encodes a laccase-like enzyme involved in oxidative polymerization of flavonoids in Arabidopsis seed coat."; Plant Cell 17:2966-2980(2005).
[8]	FUNCTION, AND TISSUE SPECIFICITY. DOI=10.1093/jxb/erl022; PubMed=16804053 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan] Cai X., Davis E.J., Ballif J., Liang M., Bushman E., Haroldsen V., Torabinejad J., Wu Y.; "Mutant identification and characterization of the laccase gene family in Arabidopsis."; J. Exp. Bot. 57:2563-2569(2006).
[9]	FUNCTION, AND TISSUE SPECIFICITY. DOI=10.1007/s00425-006-0300-6; PubMed=16779554 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan] Liang M., Davis E., Gardner D., Cai X., Wu Y.; "Involvement of AtLAC15 in lignin synthesis in seeds and in root elongation of Arabidopsis."; Planta 224:1185-1196(2006).

Comments

FUNCTION: Lignin degradation and detoxification of lignin-derived products (By similarity). Involved in lignin synthesis in seed coats, in seed coat permeability, in seed germination, and in root elongation. Required for the seed coat (testa) brown pigmentation by mediating the polymerization of proanthocyanidin (tannin) from its monomer precursor epicatechin. Promotes sligthly seed dormancy.
CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: 4 benzenediol + O₂ = 4 benzosemiquinone + 2 H₂O.
COFACTOR: Binds 4 copper ions per monomer (By similarity).
SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted, extracellular space, apoplast (Potential).
TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Mostly expressed in siliques, particularly in developping seeds. Also detected at low levels in stems, seedlings, and flowers.
DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE: Transcript levels increase during rosette leaves development. In the inflorescence stem, highest levels in the young, developing tip and lowest levels in the basal stem tissues. Strong increase 4 days after fertilization. Specifically localized in developping seed coat (testa). Detected in the endothelium and in the pigment strand at the chalaza zone during early stages of embryo morphogenesis. Later, the activity increased and spread to the outer integument, mostly in the oil penultimate cell layer. Strongly expressed in early aborted seeds and in the transmitting tissue of the silique.
SIMILARITY: Belongs to the multicopper oxidase family.
SIMILARITY: Contains 3 plastocyanin-like domains.
SEQUENCE CAUTION:
- Sequence=BAB11074.1; Type=Erroneous gene model prediction;

Copyright

Copyrighted by the UniProt Consortium, see http://www.uniprot.org/terms. Distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs License.

Cross-references

Sequence databases

EMBL

AB017064; BAB11074.1; ALT_SEQ; Genomic_DNA.	[EMBL / GenBank / DDBJ] [CoDingSequence]
BT002919; AAO22735.1; -; mRNA.	[EMBL / GenBank / DDBJ] [CoDingSequence]
BT005152; AAO50685.1; -; mRNA.	[EMBL / GenBank / DDBJ] [CoDingSequence]

RefSeq

NP_199621.2; -.

UniGene

At.9463

3D structure databases

HSSP

P37064; 1AOZ. [HSSP ENTRY / PDB]

ModBase

Q84J37.

Organism-specific databases

TAIR

At5g48100; -.

Gene expression databases

ArrayExpress

Q84J37; -.

Ontologies

GO:0008471;	Molecular function: laccase activity (inferred from electronic annotation from EC).
QuickGo view.

Family and domain databases

InterPro

IPR001117; Cu-oxidase.
IPR011706; Cu-oxidase_2.
IPR011707; Cu-oxidase_3.
IPR002355; Cu_oxidase_Cu_BS.
IPR008972; Cupredoxin.
IPR017761; Laccase.
Graphical view of domain structure.

Gene3D

G3DSA:2.60.40.420; Cupredoxin; 3.

Pfam

PF00394; Cu-oxidase; 1.
PF07731; Cu-oxidase_2; 1.
PF07732; Cu-oxidase_3; 1.
Pfam graphical view of domain structure.

PROSITE

PS00079; MULTICOPPER_OXIDASE1; 1.
PS00080; MULTICOPPER_OXIDASE2; 1.

BLOCKS

Q84J37.

Genome annotation databases

GeneID

834862; -.

GenomeReviews

BA000015_GR; AT5G48100.

KEGG

ath:AT5G48100; -.

NMPDR

fig|3702.1.peg.26629; -.

Other

ProtoNet

Q84J37.

UniRef

View cluster of proteins with at least 50% / 90% / 100% identity.

Keywords

Apoplast; Complete proteome; Copper; Glycoprotein; Lignin degradation; Metal-binding; Oxidoreductase; Repeat; Secreted; Signal.

Features

Feature table viewer

Feature aligner

`Key`	`From To`	`Length`	`Description`	`FTId`
`SIGNAL`	`1 21`	`21`	`Potential.`
`CHAIN`	`22 565`	`544`	`Laccase-15.`	`PRO_0000283643`
`DOMAIN`	`27 143`	`117`	`Plastocyanin-like 1.`
`DOMAIN`	`153 305`	`153`	`Plastocyanin-like 2.`
`DOMAIN`	`408 547`	`140`	`Plastocyanin-like 3.`
`METAL`	`77 77`		`Copper 1 (type 2) (By similarity).`
`METAL`	`79 79`		`Copper 2 (type 3) (By similarity).`
`METAL`	`122 122`		`Copper 2 (type 3) (By similarity).`
`METAL`	`124 124`		`Copper 3 (type 3) (By similarity).`
`METAL`	`462 462`		`Copper 4 (type 1) (By similarity).`
`METAL`	`465 465`		`Copper 1 (type 2) (By similarity).`
`METAL`	`467 467`		`Copper 3 (type 3) (By similarity).`
`METAL`	`526 526`		`Copper 3 (type 3) (By similarity).`
`METAL`	`527 527`		`Copper 4 (type 1) (By similarity).`
`METAL`	`528 528`		`Copper 2 (type 3) (By similarity).`
`METAL`	`532 532`		`Copper 4 (type 1) (By similarity).`
`METAL`	`537 537`		`Copper 4 (type 1) (By similarity).`
`CARBOHYD`	`73 73`		`N-linked (GlcNAc...) (Potential).`
`CARBOHYD`	`182 182`		`N-linked (GlcNAc...) (Potential).`
`CARBOHYD`	`234 234`		`N-linked (GlcNAc...) (Potential).`
`CARBOHYD`	`293 293`		`N-linked (GlcNAc...) (Potential).`
`CARBOHYD`	`324 324`		`N-linked (GlcNAc...) (Potential).`
`CARBOHYD`	`372 372`		`N-linked (GlcNAc...) (Potential).`
`CARBOHYD`	`382 382`		`N-linked (GlcNAc...) (Potential).`
`CARBOHYD`	`418 418`		`N-linked (GlcNAc...) (Potential).`
`CARBOHYD`	`482 482`		`N-linked (GlcNAc...) (Potential).`
`MUTAGEN`	`152 152`		`D->G: In tt10-1; transparent testa; when associated with D-509.`
`MUTAGEN`	`509 509`		`G->D: In tt10-1; transparent testa; when associated with G-152.`

Sequence information

Length: 565 AA [This is the length of the unprocessed precursor]

Molecular weight: 63994 Da [This is the MW of the unprocessed precursor]

CRC64: FDBCBE3D6F10DBA4 [This is a checksum on the sequence]

        10         20         30         40         50         60 
MSHSFFNLFL ISLFLYNNCI AHHYTFTVRE VPYTKLCSTK AILTVNSQFP GPIIKVHKGD 

        70         80         90        100        110        120 
TIYVNVQNRA SENITMHWHG VEQPRNPWSD GPEYITQCPI RPGSDFLYKV IFSIEDTTVW 

       130        140        150        160        170        180 
WHAHSSWTRA TVHGLIFVYP RPPQILPFPK ADHEVPIILG EWWKRDVREV VEEFVRTGGA 

       190        200        210        220        230        240 
PNVSDALTIN GHPGFLYPCS KSDTFHLTVE KGKTYRIRMV NAAMNLPLFF AIANHSLTVV 

       250        260        270        280        290        300 
SADGHYIKPI KATYITISPG ETLDMLLHAD QDPERTYYMA ARAYQSGNID FNNSTTIGIL 

       310        320        330        340        350        360 
SYTSSCKAKT SSFSGYYPTL PFYNDTSAAF GFFTKIKCLF SGQVPVQISR RIITTVSINL 

       370        380        390        400        410        420 
RMCPQNSCEG PNGSRLAASM NNISFVTPSH VDILKAYYYH IKGVYGTRFP EFPPLIFNFT 

       430        440        450        460        470        480 
AENQPLFLET PRLATEVKVI EFGQVVELVI QGTSLVGGGL DHPMHLHGFS FYVVGVGFGN 

       490        500        510        520        530        540 
YNISEEDPSS RYNLYDPPYK NTMTVPRNGW IAIRFVADNP GVWFMHCHLD RHQTWGMNVV 

       550        560 
FIVKNGREPN QQILPPPDDL PPCYE

Q84J37 in FASTA format

View entry in original UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot format
View entry in raw text format (no links)
Report form for errors/updates in this UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entry

	BLAST submission on ExPASy/SIB or at NCBI (USA)		Sequence analysis tools: ProtParam, ProtScale, Compute pI/Mw, PeptideMass, PeptideCutter, Dotlet (Java)
	ScanProsite, MotifScan		Submit a homology modeling request to SWISS-MODEL
	NPSA Sequence analysis tools