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UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entry P78423


[Entry info] [Name and origin] [References] [Comments] [Cross-references] [Keywords] [Features] [Sequence] [Tools]

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Entry information
Entry name X3CL1_HUMAN
Primary accession number P78423
Secondary accession number O00672
Integrated into Swiss-Prot on July 15, 1999
Sequence was last modified on May 1, 1997 (Sequence version 1)
Annotations were last modified on    July 22, 2008 (Entry version 81)
Name and origin of the protein
Protein name Fractalkine [Precursor]
Synonyms C-X3-C motif chemokine 1
Neurotactin
CX3C membrane-anchored chemokine
Small-inducible cytokine D1
Contains Processed fractalkine
Gene name
Name: CX3CL1
Synonyms: A-152E5.2, FKN, NTT, SCYD1
From
Homo sapiens (Human) [TaxID: 9606] 
Taxonomy Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo.
Protein existence 1: Evidence at protein level;
References
[1]
NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA].
DOI=10.1038/385640a0; PubMed=9024663 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Bazan J.F., Bacon K.B., Hardiman G., Wang W., Soo K., Rossi D., Greaves D.R., Zlotnik A., Schall T.J.;
"A new class of membrane-bound chemokine with a CX3C motif.";
Nature 385:640-644(1997).
[2]
NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
DOI=10.1006/geno.1999.5927; PubMed=10493829 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Loftus B.J., Kim U.-J., Sneddon V.P., Kalush F., Brandon R., Fuhrmann J., Mason T., Crosby M.L., Barnstead M., Cronin L., Mays A.D., Cao Y., Xu R.X., Kang H.-L., Mitchell S., Eichler E.E., Harris P.C., Venter J.C., Adams M.D.;
"Genome duplications and other features in 12 Mb of DNA sequence from human chromosome 16p and 16q.";
Genomics 60:295-308(1999).
[3]
NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA].
TISSUE=Brain;
DOI=10.1101/gr.2596504; PubMed=15489334 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
The MGC Project Team;
"The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).";
Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004).
[4]
STRUCTURE BY NMR OF 25-100.
DOI=10.1021/bi9820614; PubMed=9931005 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Mizoue L.S., Bazan J.F., Johnson E.C., Handel T.M.;
"Solution structure and dynamics of the CX3C chemokine domain of fractalkine and its interaction with an N-terminal fragment of CX3CR1.";
Biochemistry 38:1402-1414(1999).
Comments
  • FUNCTION: The soluble form is chemotactic for T-cells and monocytes, but not for neutrophils. The membrane-bound form promotes adhesion of those leukocytes to endothelial cells. May play a role in regulating leukocyte adhesion and migration processes at the endothelium. Binds to CX3CR1.
  • SUBUNIT: Monomer.
  • SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein.
  • SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Processed fractalkine: Secreted.
  • TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Small intestine, colon, testis, prostate, heart, brain, lung, skeletal muscle, kidney and pancreas.
  • INDUCTION: By TNF and IL-1 in pulmonary endothelial cells and umbilical vein endothelial cells.
  • PTM: A soluble short 95 kDa form may be released by proteolytic cleavage from the long membrane-anchored form (By similarity).
  • SIMILARITY: Belongs to the intercrine delta family.
  • WEB RESOURCE: Name=Wikipedia; Note=CX3CL1 entry; URL="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CX3CL1";.
Copyright
Copyrighted by the UniProt Consortium, see http://www.uniprot.org/terms. Distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs License.
Cross-references
Sequence databases
EMBL
U91835; AAB50014.1; -; mRNA.[EMBL / GenBank / DDBJ] [CoDingSequence]
U84487; AAB49679.1; -; mRNA.[EMBL / GenBank / DDBJ] [CoDingSequence]
AC004382; AAC24307.1; -; Genomic_DNA.[EMBL / GenBank / DDBJ] [CoDingSequence]
BC001163; AAH01163.1; -; mRNA.[EMBL / GenBank / DDBJ] [CoDingSequence]
BC016164; AAH16164.1; -; mRNA.[EMBL / GenBank / DDBJ] [CoDingSequence]
RefSeq NP_002987.1; -.
UniGene Hs.531668
3D structure databases
PDB
1B2T; NMR; -; A=25-100.[ExPASy / RCSB / EBI]
1F2L; X-ray; 2.00 A; A/B/C/D=25-100.[ExPASy / RCSB / EBI]
Detailed list of linked structures.
PDBsum 1B2T; -.
1F2L; -.
ModBase P78423.
Protein-protein interaction databases
DIP DIP:5878N; -.
Organism-specific databases
H-InvDB HIX0013072; -.
HGNC HGNC:10647; CX3CL1.
GenAtlas CX3CL1.
MIM 601880; gene. [NCBI / EBI]
PharmGKB PA35577; -.
GeneCards P78423.
Gene expression databases
ArrayExpress P78423; -.
CleanEx HS_CX3CL1; -.
GermOnline ENSG00000006210; Homo sapiens.
Ontologies
GO
GO:0009986; Cellular component: cell surface (inferred from direct assay from UniProtKB).
GO:0005576; Cellular component: extracellular region (inferred from direct assay from UniProtKB).
GO:0016021; Cellular component: integral to membrane (inferred from direct assay from UniProtKB).
GO:0008009; Molecular function: chemokine activity (traceable author statement from UniProtKB).
GO:0019221; Biological process: cytokine and chemokine mediated signaling pathway (traceable author statement from UniProtKB).
GO:0006955; Biological process: immune response (traceable author statement from UniProtKB).
GO:0050902; Biological process: leukocyte adhesive activation (traceable author statement from UniProtKB).
GO:0030595; Biological process: leukocyte chemotaxis (traceable author statement from UniProtKB).
GO:0051041; Biological process: positive regulation of calcium-independent cell-cell adhesion (inferred from direct assay from UniProtKB).
GO:0050729; Biological process: positive regulation of inflammatory response (inferred from expression pattern from UniProtKB).
QuickGo view.
Family and domain databases
InterPro IPR001811; Chemokine_IL8.
IPR008097; Fractalkine.
Graphical view of domain structure.
Pfam PF00048; IL8; 1.
Pfam graphical view of domain structure.
PRINTS PR01721; FRACTALKINE.
SMART SM00199; SCY; 1.
SMART graphical view of domain structure.
BLOCKS P78423.
Proteomic databases
PeptideAtlas P78423; -.
Genome annotation databases
Ensembl ENSG00000006210; Homo sapiens. [Contig view]
GeneID 6376; -.
KEGG hsa:6376; -.
Phylogenomic databases
HOGENOM P78423; -.
HOVERGEN P78423; -.
Other
SOURCE CX3CL1; Homo sapiens.
ProtoNet P78423.
UniRef View cluster of proteins with at least 50% / 90% / 100% identity.
Keywords
3D-structure; Cell adhesion; Cell membrane; Cytokine; Glycoprotein; Membrane; Secreted; Signal; Transmembrane.
Features
SEVIEWER logo Feature table viewer FT aligner logo Feature aligner
KeyFrom   To Length Description FTId
SIGNAL   1     24  24      
CHAIN   25    397  373     Fractalkine. PRO_0000005252
CHAIN   25   ?339        Processed fractalkine. PRO_0000296224
TOPO_DOM   25    341  317     Extracellular (Potential). 
TRANSMEM   342    362  21     Potential. 
TOPO_DOM   363    397  35     Cytoplasmic (Potential). 
REGION   25    100  76     Chemokine. 
REGION   101    341  241     Mucin-like stalk. 
SITE   339    340  2     Cleavage; to produce soluble form (Potential). 
CARBOHYD   33     33        N-linked (GlcNAc...) (Potential). 
DISULFID   32     58         
DISULFID   36     74         
STRAND   34     36  3      
HELIX   45     47  3      
STRAND   48     53  6      
HELIX   56     58  3      
STRAND   63     67  5      
STRAND   72     75  4      
HELIX   80     90  11      
Sequence information
Length: 397 AA [This is the length of the unprocessed precursor] Molecular weight: 42203 Da [This is the MW of the unprocessed precursor] CRC64: BAC71F5080DF9CA6 [This is a checksum on the sequence]
        10         20         30         40         50         60 
MAPISLSWLL RLATFCHLTV LLAGQHHGVT KCNITCSKMT SKIPVALLIH YQQNQASCGK 

        70         80         90        100        110        120 
RAIILETRQH RLFCADPKEQ WVKDAMQHLD RQAAALTRNG GTFEKQIGEV KPRTTPAAGG 

       130        140        150        160        170        180 
MDESVVLEPE ATGESSSLEP TPSSQEAQRA LGTSPELPTG VTGSSGTRLP PTPKAQDGGP 

       190        200        210        220        230        240 
VGTELFRVPP VSTAATWQSS APHQPGPSLW AEAKTSEAPS TQDPSTQAST ASSPAPEENA 

       250        260        270        280        290        300 
PSEGQRVWGQ GQSPRPENSL EREEMGPVPA HTDAFQDWGP GSMAHVSVVP VSSEGTPSRE 

       310        320        330        340        350        360 
PVASGSWTPK AEEPIHATMD PQRLGVLITP VPDAQAATRR QAVGLLAFLG LLFCLGVAMF 

       370        380        390 
TYQSLQGCPR KMAGEMAEGL RYIPRSCGSN SYVLVPV 

P78423 in FASTA format

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