Species code:	CLOPS
Taxonomy:	Bacteria; Firmicutes; Clostridia; Clostridiales; Clostridiaceae; Clostridium (TaxID: 289380) [NEWT/ NCBI]
Description:	Rod-shaped Gram-positive bacterium that is anaerobic and spore forming. It is widely distributed in the environment and frequently occurs in the intestines of humans and many domestic and feral animals. Spores of the organism persist in soil, sediments, and areas subject to human or animal fecal pollution. The common form of perfringens food poisoning is characterized by intense abdominal cramps and diarrhea which begin 8-22 hours after consumption of foods containing large numbers of those bacteria capable of producing the food poisoning enterotoxin. Type A strains can also cause wound contamination, traumatic or nontraumatic myonecrosis (gas gangrene), clostridial cellulitis, intra-abdominal sepsis and gangrenous cholecystitis. C.perfringens SM101 is a transformable derivative of NCTC 8798 and produces C.perfringens enterotoxin (CPE), responsible for type A food poisoning. In addition to a chromosome, it also contains 2 small plasmids and an episomal bacteriophage (phi SM101). The latter has not however been included in the complete genome due to its phage nature.
Properties:	Presence of flagella: not known Interaction: Animal commensal in Mammalia; Animal pathogen in Mammalia Number of membranes: 1 Number of inteins:0
Statistics:	Number of CLOPS entries in the UniProt Knowledgebase: 2568 (309 in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot + 2259 in UniProtKB/TrEMBL)

Genome structure:	• Chromosome EMBL accession number CP000312 (circular; 2,897,393 bp) (download entry) (download Genome Reviews). • Plasmid pSM101A EMBL accession number CP000313 (circular; 12,397 bp) (download entry) (download Genome Reviews). • Plasmid pSM101B EMBL accession number CP000314 (circular; 12,206 bp) (download entry) (download Genome Reviews).
Reference(s):	[1] PubMed=16825665; [ NCBI , EBI , Israel , Japan ] Myers G.S.A., Rasko D.A., Cheung J.K., Ravel J., Seshadri R., DeBoy R.T., Ren Q., Varga J., Awad M.M., Brinkac L.M., Daugherty S.C., Haft D.H., Dodson R.J., Madupu R., Nelson W.C., Rosovitz M.J., Sullivan S.A., Khouri H., Dimitrov G.I., Watkins K.L., Mulligan S., Benton J., Radune D., Fisher D.J., Atkins H.S., Hiscox T., Jost B.H., Billington S.J., Songer J.G., McClane B.A., Titball R.W., Rood J.I., Melville S.B., Paulsen I.T. ; "Skewed genomic variability in strains of the toxigenic bacterial pathogen, Clostridium perfringens."; Genome Res. 16:1031-1040(2006).
Web links:	Entrez Genome Project: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=genomeprj&Cmd=DetailsSearch&Term=txid289380%5Borgn%5D GIB (DDBJ): http://gib.genes.nig.ac.jp/single/index.php?spid=Cper_SM101 Pathema: http://pathema.jcvi.org/tigr-scripts/Clostridium/shared/GenomePage.cgi?org=gcpe PEDANT: http://pedant.gsf.de:3345/pedant3htmlview/pedant3view?Method=start_method&Db=p3_p12521_Clo_perfr  EBI Proteome Analysis page

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