Species code:	AZOSB
Taxonomy:	Bacteria; Proteobacteria; Betaproteobacteria; Rhodocyclales; Rhodocyclaceae; Azoarcus (TaxID: 62928) [NEWT/ NCBI]
Description:	Azoarcus sp. strain BH72 is a mutualistic N2-fixing endophyte of salt-tolerant Kallar grass (Leptochloa fusca (L.) Kunth), a grass gowing in the Punjab of Pakistan. Endophytes are bacteria that live within the tissues of plants without causing them any harm; Azoarcus resides within the roots of its host. Azoarcus sp. strain BH72 is also capable of endophytic N2 fixation in rice and sugarcane. The bacteria has not been detected in root-free soil, although it is able to be cultured. It does not however excrete significant amounts of nitrogenous compounds in culture. The genome sequence has shown that Azoarcus has very few mobile genetic elements, or phage-related genes, suggesting its adaptation to a fairly stable, low-stress environment. The sec-dependent, SRP-mediated and Tat systems for protein secretion are all present, in addition to a type I, the type IIb secretion systems and an autotransporter. However it is lacking both type III and type IV secretion systems, suggesting it can not export proteins to its host, and indeed it does not seem to encode toxin-producing genes. Type IV pili are present and are known to be important to colonization of grasses. It is unable to metabolize carbohydrates and is lacking cell-wall degrading enzymes, which probably contributes to its ability to colonize its host at very high density without being pathogenic.
Properties:	Presence of flagella: Yes Interaction: Plant endophyte Number of membranes: 2 Number of inteins:0
Statistics:	Number of AZOSB entries in the UniProt Knowledgebase: 3981 (324 in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot + 3657 in UniProtKB/TrEMBL)

Genome structure:	Chromosome EMBL accession number AM406670 (circular; 4,376,040 bp) (download entry) (download Genome Reviews).
Reference(s):	[1] PubMed=17057704; [ NCBI , EBI , Israel , Japan ] Krause A., Ramakumar A., Bartels D., Battistoni F., Bekel T., Boch J., Boehm M., Friedrich F., Hurek T., Krause L., Linke B., McHardy A.C., Sarkar A., Schneiker S., Syed A.A., Thauer R., Vorhoelter F.-J., Weidner S., Puehler A., Reinhold-Hurek B., Kaiser O., Goesmann A. ; "Complete genome of the mutualistic, N2-fixing grass endophyte Azoarcus sp. strain BH72."; Nat. Biotechnol. 24:1385-1391(2006).
Web links:	Entrez Genome Project: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=genomeprj&Cmd=DetailsSearch&Term=txid62928%5Borgn%5D GIB (DDBJ): http://gib.genes.nig.ac.jp/single/index.php?spid=Azoa_BH72 PEDANT: http://pedant.gsf.de:3345/pedant3htmlview/pedant3view?Method=start_method&Db=p3_p13217_Azo_BH72  EBI Proteome Analysis page

• Genome Proximity Viewer: This program displays the genes that are found in the genomic environment of a selected locus.
  
  
• Perform a BLAST search against all proteins from this proteome
  
  
• Download a file by FTP containing all UniProt Knowledgebase entries of this proteome
  • in UniProt Knowledgebase format
  • in FASTA format
  
  
• Retrieve set of characterized or identified proteins for this proteome
  
  
• Retrieve set of proteins with 3D structure for this proteome