PROSITE documentation PDOC00071

Glutamate dehydrogenases (EC 1.4.1.2, EC 1.4.1.3, and EC 1.4.1.4) (GluDH) are enzymes that catalyze the NAD- or NADP-dependent reversible deamination of glutamate into α-ketoglutarate [1,2]. GluDH isozymes are generally involved with either ammonia assimilation or glutamate catabolism.
Leucine dehydrogenase (EC 1.4.1.9) (LeuDH) is a NAD-dependent enzyme that catalyzes the reversible deamination of leucine and several other aliphatic amino acids to their keto analogues [3].
Phenylalanine dehydrogenase (EC 1.4.1.20) (PheDH) is a NAD-dependent enzyme that catalyzes the reversible deamidation of L-phenylalanine into phenyl- pyruvate [4].
Valine dehydrogenase (EC 1.4.1.8) (ValDH) is a NADP-dependent enzyme that catalyzes the reversible deamidation of L-valine into 3-methyl-2- oxobutanoate [5].

These dehydrogenases are structurally and functionally related. A conserved lysine residue located in a glycine-rich region has been implicated in the catalytic mechanism. The conservation of the region around this residue allows the derivation of a signature pattern for such type of enzymes.

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All known sequences from this family have Pro in the last position of the pattern with the exception of yeast GluDH which as Leu.

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1	Authors	Britton K.L., Baker P.J., Rice D.W., Stillman T.J.
	Title	Structural relationship between the hexameric and tetrameric family of glutamate dehydrogenases.
	Source	Eur. J. Biochem. 209:851-859(1992).
	PubMed ID	1358610

2	Authors	Benachenhou-Lahfa N., Forterre P., Labedan B.
2	Source	J. Mol. Evol. 36:335-346(1993).

3	Authors	Nagata S., Tanizawa K., Esaki N., Sakamoto Y., Ohshima T., Tanaka H., Soda K.
	Title	Gene cloning and sequence determination of leucine dehydrogenase from Bacillus stearothermophilus and structural comparison with other NAD(P)+-dependent dehydrogenases.
	Source	Biochemistry 27:9056-9062(1988).
	PubMed ID	3069133

4	Authors	Takada H., Yoshimura T., Ohshima T., Esaki N., Soda K.
	Title	Thermostable phenylalanine dehydrogenase of Thermoactinomyces intermedius: cloning, expression, and sequencing of its gene.
	Source	J. Biochem. 109:371-376(1991).
	PubMed ID	1880121

5	Authors	Tang L., Hutchinson C.R.
	Title	Sequence, transcriptional, and functional analyses of the valine (branched-chain amino acid) dehydrogenase gene of Streptomyces coelicolor.
	Source	J. Bacteriol. 175:4176-4185(1993).
	PubMed ID	8320231

Glu / Leu / Phe / Val dehydrogenases active site

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